The team demonstrated the technology's effectiveness using bacterial samples containing both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli).

Gram staining is a process of dying bacteria and then viewing them beneath a microscope. This article discusses Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Gram negative bacteria are often pathogenic and include Escherichia coli, a common cause of food poisoning and Vibrio cholerae, the waterborne pathogen responsible for cholera outbreaks.

Two infectious disease experts at Johns Hopkins Medicine have been awarded $10 million in research funding over five years by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI).

Escherichia coli articles from across Nature Portfolio Escherichia coli is a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the gut of warm-blooded animals.

Gram-negative bacteria are organisms that are not colorized by the Gram staining method used to differentiate bacteria into two distinct groups: gram positive and gram negative.

Escherichia coli K1 is the most common Gram-negative organism causing neonatal meningitis with high mortality and long-term sequelae (19, 20).