will increase the inflationary effects of monetary disequilibria under a floating exchange rate system and will reduce the effect of a devaluation of a usually fixed exchange rate. When a real ...

This type of model is showm to generate a “devaluation bias” which undermines the credibility of a fixed exchange rate. The effect of reputational factors, signaling considerations, and joining a ...

The 1800s saw the Pound Sterling to US Dollar (GBPUSD) exchange rate by and ... Sterling remained under intense pressure. Rumours abounded that the Sterling was heading for devaluation and on ...

Under the NSA, key tariff components ... The return on equity (ROE) component shall be redetermined to a 13pc rate of return at the fixed exchange rate of Rs168 per dollar based on Nepra ...

Under fixed exchange rate systems, central banks actively shape monetary policy to peg their currency’s value within a narrow range. This is intended to support their economic goals and maintain ...

CPPA-G had filed a joint application before the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) for the reduction in tariff components of these plants under ... at a fixed exchange rate ...

As we have slumbered, China has overtly orchestrated a systematic, multi-decade exchange rate devaluation ... operated under the Bretton Woods Agreement, which tethered a nation’s fixed exchange ...

Even in the 2023 period of low nominal volatility a crawling depreciation ensured there was no real appreciation. A real effective exchange rate index ... lower inflation. Under such conditions ...

This paper was motivated by the launch of the code of conduct for Appointees on 5th May, 2025 by President John Dramani. This ...

Harold James observes that past efforts to link trade, monetary policy, and security merely proved ineffective ...