The constant — the ratio of the mass of a proton to the mass of an electron — has changed by only one hundred thousandth of a percent or less over the past 7 billion years, the observations show. The ...

Static electricity works because electrons are strongly attracted to protons, right? But, in atoms, electrons are right there, next to the protons in the nucleus. Why don’t the electrons zip directly ...

Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions play a vital role in a wide range of chemical and biological processes. Recent advances in the theory of PCET will be presented. The quantum ...

Measuring up: an electron scattering experiment yields a small proton radius. (Courtesy: Jefferson Lab) For nearly a decade the size of the particle that makes up the bulk of the universe’s visible ...

A new theory-based approach provides access to the minute transverse motion of quarks within protons. Nuclear physicists have developed a new theoretical framework that allows them to calculate a ...

Chemists reveal method for differentiating PCET mechanisms – a key step for steering fundamental energy conversion and redox catalysis processes. Redox reactions form the basis of many fundamental ...

image: Enzyme-Photo-coupled Catalytic System (EPCS) is an emerging platform technology for green biomanufacturing that uses photocatalysts to capture solar energy and subsequently drives the enzyme ...

The proton can contain pairs of elementary particles known as strange quarks. The contribution of these particles to the proton's electric-charge distribution and magnetic moment has been determined.