What is the mainstay of treatment for the different types of shock (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, distributive)? Shock is defined as hypotension that is severe and results in end-organ hypoperfusion.

Hypovolemic shock is another frequent cause of type A lactic acidosis. It develops due to a massive loss of blood or other ...

Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart is not able to pump enough blood to generate adequate cardiac output to maintain normal blood pressure. This frequently occurs in the setting of a large ...

New clinical guidance to help cardiologists navigate the complexity of cardiogenic shock and assess possible cases within the first hour after onset introduces a memory aid — SUSPECT — which ...